Kufikira mu chaka cha 2025, msika wa ngongole za digito ku Malawi wasintha kwambiri, n’kupatsa anthu ambiri mwayi wopeza ndalama zosavuta kudzera pa mafoni a m’manja. Kuchokera ku mabungwe operekera ndalama za pa foni monga Airtel Money ndi TNM Mpamba, mpaka ku mabanki ang’onoang’ono komanso mabanki akuluakulu, Malawi yakhala ikupita patsogolo pa nkhaniyi. Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza mozama za momwe ntchitozi zikuyendera, makampani akuluakulu, mitengo ya chiwongoladzanja, ndi momwe ogwiritsa ntchito angadzitetezere.
Kachitidwe ka Msika wa Ngongole za Digito ku Malawi (Kufikira Seputembala 2025)
Kukula kwa ndalama za pa foni kwathandiza kwambiri kuti anthu ambiri azitha kugwiritsa ntchito mwayi wa ndalama ku Malawi. Pofika pakati pa chaka cha 2025, anthu okwana 57 peresenti ya akuluakulu a m’dziko muno anali ndi akaunti za ndalama za pa foni, kuchokera pa 41 peresenti mu 2022. Izi zathandiza kuti ngongole za pa foni za nthawi yochepa zizipezeka kudzera pa USSD ndi mapulogalamu a pa foni yam’manja, ndipo akuti anthu pafupifupi 2.3 miliyoni (pafupifupi 15 peresenti ya akuluakulu) amabwereka ndalama zotere.
Malamulo a Boma ndi Chitetezo cha Ogula
Bungwe la Reserve Bank of Malawi (RBM) linakhazikitsa malamulo atsopano a ndalama za digito mu Julayi 2024. Malamulowa amafuna kuti:
- Kuwunika koyenera kwa omwe akufuna kubwereka (KYC) pa ntchito za ngongole za pa foni.
- Kuyika malire pa chindapusa cha ntchito (osapitirira 25 peresenti ya ngongole yeniyeni).
- Kufotokoza momveka bwino za chiwongoladzanja chapachaka (APR) mwezi uliwonse.
Ngakhale malamulowa akuyesetsa kuteteza ogwiritsa ntchito, makampani ambiri akupitirizabe kulipiritsa ndalama zosiyanasiyana monga chindapusa cha ntchito, chindapusa chochotsera ndalama, ndi chindapusa cha kuchedwa kubweza. Izi zimapangitsa kuti chiwongoladzanja chapachaka chikhale chapamwamba kwambiri, nthawi zina kuposa 200 peresenti. RBM yachedwabe kuchitapo kanthu mwamphamvu, koma yachenjeza kale makampani awiri opanga ma foni chifukwa chosafotokoza bwino za chindapusa cha kuchedwa kubweza ngongole koyambirira kwa chaka cha 2025.
Ziwerengero Zofunika pa Msika:
- Amene ali ndi ma akaunti a ndalama za pa foni: 4.2 miliyoni (57 peresenti ya akuluakulu)
- Obwereka ngongole za digito: 2.3 miliyoni (55 peresenti ali ndi zaka zosakwana 35)
- Avereji ya ngongole zing’onozing’ono: K2,000
- Avereji ya chiwongoladzanja chapachaka pa ngongole zing’onozing’ono: Pafupifupi 180 peresenti
Makampani Akuluakulu Opereka Ngongole za pa Foni ku Malawi (2025)
Pali makampani osiyanasiyana omwe amapereka ntchito za ngongole za digito ku Malawi. Pansipa pali mndandanda wa makampani akuluakulu ndi chidziwitso cha ntchito zawo:
1. Airtel Money Kutchova
- Kampani: Airtel Malawi Ltd (nthambi ya FDH Bank)
- Pulogalamu: Airtel Money (Android/iOS)
- Ngongole: K500 mpaka K80,000; nthawi yobweza masiku 7-15; chindapusa cha ntchito 10 peresenti (chiwongoladzanja chapachaka pafupifupi 240 peresenti); chindapusa chochotsera ndalama 8 peresenti; chindapusa cha kuchedwa 12.5 peresenti patatha masiku 15.
- Kachitidwe: Zimadalira mbiri ya ntchito za Airtel Money.
- Mphamvu: Imafika kulikonse, imapereka ndalama nthawi yomweyo.
- Zofooka: Zindapusa zosamveka bwino.
2. TNM Mpamba Kankhe (Ndikankhe)
- Kampani: TNM Plc (nthambi ya NBS Bank)
- Pulogalamu: TNM Mpamba (Android/iOS)
- Ngongole: K1,000 mpaka K20,000; chiwongoladzanja cha mwezi uliwonse 6 peresenti (chiwongoladzanja chapachaka 84 peresenti); chindapusa chopeza ntchito 10 peresenti; chindapusa cha kuchedwa 0.5 peresenti pa mwezi.
- Kachitidwe: Zimafuna mbiri ya masiku 90 yogwiritsa ntchito Mpamba.
- Mphamvu: Chiwongoladzanja chochepa.
- Zofooka: Ndalama zochepa kwambiri.
3. Select Financial Services Flexi Loan
- Kampani: Select Africa (Malawi) Ltd
- Pulogalamu: Webusaiti + USSD (38420#)
- Ngongole: K100,000 mpaka K4,000,000; nthawi yobweza miyezi 1-72; chiwongoladzanja chapachaka 24-36 peresenti (osatsimikizika).
- Kachitidwe: Zimafuna chitsimikiziro cha malipiro; makamaka kwa ogwira ntchito za boma.
- Mphamvu: Zoyenera kwa amene amalandira malipiro.
- Zofooka: Zimangoyang'ana gulu laling'ono la anthu.
4. FINCA Mobile (Pasavute)
- Kampani: FINCA Malawi Ltd
- Pulogalamu: FINCA Mobile (USSD *312# + Android/iOS)
- Ngongole: Ngongole zing'onozing'ono mpaka K50,000; chiwongoladzanja chapachaka pafupifupi 150 peresenti (osatsimikizika).
- Kachitidwe: Kulumikiza akaunti ya Mpamba ndi FINCA.
- Mphamvu: Imaphatikiza ndalama zosungira ndi kubwereka.
- Zofooka: Zovuta kwambiri poyamba kugwiritsa ntchito.
5. NBS Bank Eazy Cash Payday
- Kampani: NBS Bank Plc
- Pulogalamu: EazyMobile (Android/iOS)
- Ngongole: Ngongole yowonjezera mpaka 40 peresenti ya malipiro; palibe chiwongoladzanja; koma pali chindapusa cha ntchito.
- Kachitidwe: Zimafuna akaunti ya malipiro ku NBS Bank.
- Mphamvu: Palibe chiwongoladzanja.
- Zofooka: Zimangopezeka kwa makasitomala a banki.
6. First Capital Bank Personal Loans
- Kampani: First Capital Bank Malawi Ltd
- Pulogalamu: FCB Mobile (Android/iOS)
- Ngongole: K50,000 mpaka K4,000,000; nthawi yobweza mpaka miyezi 72; chiwongoladzanja chapachaka 25-36 peresenti (osatsimikizika).
- Kachitidwe: Zimafuna chiphaso cha ID, PIN, slip za malipiro, ndi mbiri ya ngongole.
- Mphamvu: Zoyenera.
- Zofooka: Zimafuna zikalata zambiri.
7. Chitukuko SACCO Mobile Loan
- Kampani: Chitukuko Savings & Credit Co.
- Pulogalamu: SACCO USSD (12345#)
- Ngongole: K20,000 mpaka K200,000; chiwongoladzanja chapachaka pafupifupi 120 peresenti (osatsimikizika).
- Kachitidwe: Zimafuna umembala wa SACCO.
- Mphamvu: Chitsimikizo cha gulu.
- Zofooka: Kuchedwa kwa ndalama.
8. GreenFund Agriloan
- Kampani: GreenFund (Ltd)
- Pulogalamu: Webusaiti + USSD (45678#)
- Ngongole: K10,000 mpaka K500,000; nthawi yobweza masiku 30-180; chiwongoladzanja chapachaka 80-100 peresenti (osatsimikizika).
- Kachitidwe: Zimafuna ID ya alimi; kugwiritsa ntchito nthaka.
- Mphamvu: Zimayang'ana za ulimi.
- Zofooka: Chiwongoladzanja chapamwamba.
9. Saile Financial Services Microloan
- Kampani: Saile Financial Services
- Pulogalamu: Webusaiti + USSD (78901#)
- Ngongole: K5,000 mpaka K100,000; nthawi yobweza masiku 7-30; chiwongoladzanja chapachaka 200-300 peresenti (osatsimikizika).
- Kachitidwe: Zimafuna nambala ya foni; chithunzi cha ID.
- Mphamvu: Kubwereka mofulumira.
- Zofooka: Chiwongoladzanja chapamwamba kwambiri.
10. Opportunity International Bank QwikLoan
- Kampani: Opportunity International Bank of Malawi
- Pulogalamu: OIBM Mobile (Android/iOS)
- Ngongole: K50,000 mpaka K1,000,000; nthawi yobweza miyezi 3-12; chiwongoladzanja chapachaka 30-45 peresenti (osatsimikizika).
- Kachitidwe: Zimafuna akaunti ya banki; kuwunika mbiri ya ngongole.
- Mphamvu: Kuwunika bwino za chiwopsezo.
- Zofooka: Kutsimikizira kochepa.
Kuyerekeza kwa Ngongole Zofunika Kwambiri
Nthawi zonse, ndikofunika kuyerekeza zosankha zosiyanasiyana musanabwereke ngongole. Pansipa pali tebulo lofotokoza mwachidule zinthu zofunika za ntchito za ngongole zomwe tazifotokoza:
| Ntchito | Mlingo wa Chiwongoladzanja Chapachaka | Ndalama Zochuluka (MWK) | Kachitidwe Kopezera Ndalama | Mulingo wa Pulogalamu |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Airtel Money Kutchova | ~240% | 80,000 | Ndalama za pa foni (USSD/pulogalamu) | 3.8 |
| TNM Mpamba Kankhe | ~84% | 20,000 | Mpamba wallet/banki | 4.0 |
| Select Flexi Loan | 24-36% (osatsimikizika) | 4,000,000 | Akaunti ya banki/USSD | Sikusapezeka |
| FINCA Mobile (Pasavute) | ~150% (osatsimikizika) | 50,000 | Mpamba wallet | 3.6 |
| NBS Eazy Cash Payday | 0% chiwongoladzanja; pali chindapusa | 40% ya malipiro | Ngongole yowonjezera ya banki | 4.2 |
| First Capital Bank | 25-36% (osatsimikizika) | 4,000,000 | Akaunti ya banki | 4.1 |
| Chitukuko SACCO | ~120% (osatsimikizika) | 200,000 | Akaunti ya SACCO (USSD) | Sikusapezeka |
| GreenFund Agriloan | 80-100% (osatsimikizika) | 500,000 | Banki/ndalama za pa foni | Sikusapezeka |
| Saile Financial Services | 200-300% (osatsimikizika) | 100,000 | Webusaiti/USSD | Sikusapezeka |
| Opportunity QwikLoan | 30-45% (osatsimikizika) | 1,000,000 | Akaunti ya banki | 3.9 |
Zomwe zili ndi chizindikiro chakuti "osatsimikizika" ndi zomwe sizinathe kutsimikiziridwa kudzera m'malemba oyendetsedwa ndi boma.
Zoopsa kwa Obwereka
Ngakhale ngongole za pa foni zimakhala zothandiza kwambiri, zimakhalanso ndi zoopsa zake zomwe obwereka ayenera kuzidziwa. Izi zikuphatikizapo:
- Zindapusa zosamveka bwino: Makampani ena amakhala ndi zindapusa zambiri zomwe sizifotokozedwa bwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chiwongoladzanja chapachaka chikhale chapamwamba kwambiri kuposa momwe amatsatsira.
- Tsankho pa kuwerengera ngongole: Makina ena amawerengera ngongole potengera momwe munthu amagwiritsira ntchito ndalama za pa foni, zomwe zimatha kusokeretsa anthu akumidzi kapena omwe amagwira ntchito mosakhazikika.
- Kuchotsa ndalama mwankhanza: Makampani ena amadzichotsera okha ndalama mu akaunti ya ndalama za pa foni ngati ngongole yosabwezedwa, zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri ndalama za munthuyo.
- Kusasungidwa kwa chidziwitso cha munthu: Palinso nkhawa yokhudza momwe makampani amagawirana chidziwitso cha makasitomala popanda chilolezo chomveka.
Malangizo Othandiza kwa Ogwiritsa Ntchito
Kuti mutetezeke komanso kuti musapeze mavuto mukamagwiritsa ntchito ntchito za ngongole za pa foni, tsatirani malangizo awa:
- Yerekezerani mitengo ndi zindapusa: Nthawi zonse funsani za chiwongoladzanja chapachaka (APR) ndi zindapusa zonse musanabwereke ngongole. Yerekezerani ntchito zosiyanasiyana kuti mupeze yoyenera kwambiri.
- Bwerekani zomwe mungathe kubweza: Musabwereke ndalama zambiri kuposa zomwe mukudziwa kuti mudzatha kubweza mkati mwa nthawi yochepa. Kuchita zimenezi kumachepetsa zindapusa zambiri zomwe zimatha kusonkhana.
- Khalani ndi ndalama zokwanira mu akaunti yanu ya pa foni: Onetsetsani kuti muli ndi ndalama zokwanira nthawi zonse mu akaunti yanu ya ndalama za pa foni kuti mupewe kuchotsedwa kwa ngongole mwadzidzidzi komanso kuti musalephere kubweza.
- Sankhani makampani omwe amamveka bwino: Ngati n'kotheka, bwerekani kwa omwe amadziwika kuti amakhala ndi malamulo omveka bwino, monga NBS Eazy Cash kapena First Capital Bank.
- Yang'anirani mbiri yanu ya ngongole: Yang'anirani mbiri yanu ya ngongole kudzera ku Credit Reference Bureau (CRB) kuti mupewe kulephera kubweza ngongole ndi kuteteza mwayi wanu wobwereka mtsogolo.
Msika wa ngongole za digito ku Malawi ukupitiriza kukula, ndipo ukubweretsa mwayi wambiri komanso zovuta zake. Mwa kukhala ochenjera, odziwa zambiri, komanso otsatira malangizo omwe tapereka, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito bwino ntchitozi popanda kudziyika pangozi.
